Institution:
The Rockefeller University (Joining Columbia University Faculty as Assistant Professor in 2018)
Discipline:
Chromatin Biology & Epigenetics
Recognized for: Identifying chemical modifications to our chromosomes that lead to uncontrolled growth and proliferation of cells, and subsequently, to the formation of tumors
Areas of Research Interest and Expertise: Chromatin Biology; Gene Regulation; Cancer Biology; Developmental Biology
Chao Lu
Biography: PhD, Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine BS, Biomedical Science, National University of Singapore
For most of his career, Dr. Lu has striven to elucidate the underlying causes of cancer. His work has largely been in the field of epigenetics – the study of heritable changes to our cells that go beyond mutations to our DNA. Dr. Lu's work has identified ways in which the proteins involved in genome regulation and packaging are frequently altered in human cancers. Dr. Lu demonstrated that these abnormal changes cause cancer by blocking cellular differentiation – the normal process of cells transforming from generic cells that grow and divide into specialized cells like neurons or kidney cells. When differentiation is blocked, these cells grow and divide rapidly, leading to tumor formation. Intriguingly, Dr. Lu found that by correcting this abnormal epigenetic state of cancer cells he could halt the growth of tumors, effectively “reprogramming” the cancer cell back to health. Cancer treatments that alter cancer cells rather than killing them would be less toxic for cancer patients. Dr. Lu's goal is to apply his discoveries to advance current diagnosis, classification and treatment of cancer and other human diseases.
“For many cancer types, toxic chemo- and radiation therapies remain the standard of care. I hope that through understanding the tumor epigenome landscape, novel precision therapies can be developed to effectively eliminate cancer cells while sparing normal tissues.”
Papillon-Cavanagh S, Lu C, Gayden T, Mikael LG, Bechet D, Karamboulas C, Ailles L, Karamchandani J, Marchione DM, Garcia BA, Weinreb I, Goldstein D, Lewis PW, Dancu OM, Dhaliwal S, Stecho W, Howlett CJ, Mymryk JS, Barrett JW, Nichols AC, Allis CD, Majewski J, Jabado N. Impaired H3K36 methylation defines a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Nat Genet. 2017
Lu C, Jain SU, Hoelper D, Bechet D, Molden RC, Ran L, Murphy D, Venneti S, Hameed M, Pawel BR, Wunder JS, Dickson BC, Lundgren SM, Jani KS, De Jay N, Papillon-Cavanagh S, Andrulis IL, Sawyer SL, Grynspan D, Turcotte RE, Nadaf J, Fahiminiyah S, Muir TW, Majewski J, Thompson CB, Chi P, Garcia BA, Allis CD, Jabado N, Lewis PW. Histone H3K36 mutations promote sarcomagenesis through altered histone methylation landscape. Science. 2016
Other Honors: 2016-2021 NIH/NCI Pathway to Independence Award (K99/R00) 2015 Future of Cancer Science Symposium, MD Anderson Cancer Center 2014-2016 Postdoctoral Fellowship, Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation 2007 Honor’s Degree, National University of Singapore 2004-2005 Dean’s List, National University of Singapore